Bài Tập Tiếng Anh 10 Global Success kèm Nâng Cao Unit 10 Ecotourim

UNIT 10: ECOTOURIM ( DU LỊCH SINH THÁI )

VOCABULARY

1.adapt /əˈdæpt/ (v): sửa lại cho phù hợp, thích nghi

2. biosphere reserve /ˈbaɪəʊsfɪə(r)rɪˈzɜːv/(n): khu dự trữ sinh quyển

3. discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/ (v) : thải ra, xả ra

4. eco-friendly /ˌiːkəʊˈfrendli/(adj): thân thiện với môi trường

5. ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/ (n): hệ sinh thái

6. ecotourism /ˈiːkəʊtʊərɪzəm/ (n) : du lịch sinh thái

7. entertain /ˌentəˈteɪn/(v): tiếp đãi, giải trí

8. exotic /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ (adj) : từ nước ngoài dựa vào; đẹp kì lạ

9. fauna /ˈfɔːnə/ (n): hệ động vật

10. flora /ˈflɔːrə/(n): hệ thực vật

11. impact /ˈɪmpækt/(n): ảnh hưởng

12. sustainable/səˈsteɪnəbl/ (adj): không gây hại cho môi trường; bền vững

13. tour guide /tʊə(r)ɡaɪd/ (n): hướng dẫn viên du lịch

GRAMMAR

Câu điều kiện dùng để nêu lên một giả thiết về một sự việc, hành động có thể xảy ra khi điều kiện được nói đén xảy ra. Câu điều kiện gồm 2 mệnh đề: mệnh đề “if” nêu lên điều kiện và mệnh đề nêu lên kết quả là mệnh đề chính.

*CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1 AND 2 ( CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1 VÀ LOẠI 2)

1. Conditional sentences type 1 ( Câu điều kiện loại 1)

Use: Chỉ sự việc, hành động có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc trong tương lai. ( Câu điều kiện có thực )

Form:

If clause	Main clause
If + S + V ( Present tense) ….	S + will/ can/ may/ might + V ( bare - inf )

E.g: If I get the scholarship, I will study in England. ( Nếu tôi nhận được học bổng thì tôi sẽ học ở nước Anh.)

If the weather is nice, I will go fishing. ( Nếu thời tiết đẹp thì tôi sẽ đi câu cá )

If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation. ( Nếu tôi tìm thấy địa chỉ của cô ấy thì tôi sẽ gửi thiệp mời cho cô ấy.)

- Đảo ngữ: If + S + V ( present tense), …. = Should + S + V bare-inf, …..

E.g: If he calls me, I’ll answer immediately = Should he call me, I’ll answer immediately. ( Nếu anh ấy có gọi tôi thì tôi sẽ trả lời ngay lập tức. )

2. Conditional type 2 ( Câu điều kiện loại 2 )

Use: Chỉ sự việc , hành động không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai, điều kiện chỉ là một giải thiết, một ước muốn trái ngược với thực tế ở hiện tại ( Câu điều kiện không có thực ở hiện tại )

Form:

If clause	Main clause
If + S + V ( past tense )/ could + V (bare - inf) ….	S + would/ could + V (bare-inf)….

E.g: If I were a millionaire, I would buy that house. ( Nếu tôi là một triệu phú, tôi sẽ mua ngôi nhà đó.)

If I had money, I could buy a new car. ( Nếu tôi có tiền thì tôi có thể mua được ô tô mới.)

*Note: Trong câu điều kiện loại 2 thì động từ to be “were” thường được dùng với tất cả các chủ ngữ. Tuy nhiên, “was” vẫn có thể được sử dụng.

- Đảo ngữ: Were + S + to + V-inf, S + would + V-inf

E.g: If I learnt Korean, I would sing a Korean song, = Were I to learn Korean, I would sing a Korean song. ( Nếu tôi học tiếng Hàn Quốc, tôi sẽ hát được bài hát tiếng Hàn.)

3. Conditional sentences in reported speech ( Câu điều kiện gián tiếp )

Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật ( gián tiếp ), động từ trong câu điều kiện loại 1 ( conditional type 1 ) được chia theo loại 2 (conditional type 2 ), câu điều kiện loại 2 và 3 không thay đổi dạng động từ.

E.g

“ I’ll will come to see you if I have time”, the man said to her.

-> The man said to her ( that ) he would come to see her if he had time.

“What would you say if someone stepped on your feet?”, they asked me.

-> They asked me what I would say if someone stepped on my feet.

“ If you had asked me, I would have lent you my laptop”, my brother said to me.

-> My brother said to me ( that ) if I had asked him, he would have lent me his laptop.

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN – ANSWER KEY

Bài 1: Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form.

1. If you go to Paris, where you (stay) _____will you stay ____?

2. If you ( swim )___swim _____ in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold.

3. If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose)_____would choose___.

4. The flight may be cancelled if the fog ( get ) ___gets____ thick.

5. If the milkman ( come ) ______comes______, tell him to leave two pints.

Bài 2: Choose the correct answer in the brackets.

1. If you ( turn/ turns/ could turn ) the volume down, the music ( sounded/ would sound/ would sounded) clearer.

2. Your pencils ( broke not/ didn’t break/ wouldn’t break) if you ( pack/ would pack/ packed) your school bad more carefully.

3. If the girls ( goed/ went/ could went ) to bed earlier, they ( yawned not/ wouldn’t yawn/ won’t yawn) all through the lesson.

4. ( Would you like/ like you/ will you like ) a car if you ( has/ had/ have ) the money?

5. If Bill ( closes/ closed/ will close ) the window, it ( wouldn’t be/ won’t be/ isn’t) so cold in the kitchen.

Bài 3: Combine the two sentences using conditional sentences.

1 . They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution

-> If they ____understood the lesson they would find a solution ________.

2. He sits around too much. He isn’t fit.

-> If he ____didn’t sit around too much, he would be fit.______.

3. She’s very thin; perhaps that’s why she feels cold so much.

-> If she __weren’t very thin, she would not feel cold so much ___.

4. He never polishes his shoes, so he never looks smart.

-> If he _____ polished polishes his shoes, he would look smart.____.

5. He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car.

-> If he ___ could park near his office , he would come by car _.

Bài 4: Change the following conditional sentences into reported speech.

1. “ If I catch the plane I’ll be home by four o’clock” she said.

____She said if she caught the plane she would be home by four o’clock ____

2. “You should stay in bed if you feel unwell.” My mother said.

_____My mother advised me to stay in bed if I felt unwell

3. “What would you do if you were having a problem with grammar, Nga?” Huyen asked.

_____ Huyen asked Nga What she would do if Nga was having a problem with grammar

4. “If I were you, I’d stop smoking,” she said to her brother.

___ she asked her brother to stop smoking/ she said to her brother that if she were him, she would stop smoking

5. “I’d have been in bad trouble if Lan hadn’t helped me,” he said.

____He said he would have been in bad trouble if Lan hadn’t helped him ___

Bài 5: Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence given.

1. I don’t see you very often because you live so far away.

-> If you ____didn’t live so far away, I would see you very often __

2. I don’t have enough money, so I’m not going to buy that skirt.

-> I’d ____ buy that skirt if I had enough money. _______

3. We don’t practice English very often - We can’t communicate with foreigners.

-> If we ____ practiced English very often , We could communicate with foreigners _ _____

4. I can’t meet you tomorrow - I have to work late.

-> If ____ I didn’t have to work late, I could meet you tomorrow

5. I don’t want her advice, and that’s why I’m not going to ask for it.

-> If ___ I wanted her advice, I would ask for it

BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO

Bài 6: Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form. ( Conditional sentences )

1. If you come with me, I ____WILL DO ______ (do) the shopping with you.

2. Tom ___WILL HELP________(help) his mother in the garden if she reads him a story this evening.

3. If it ___RAINS _______(rain), I will stay at home.

4. Our teacher will be happy if we ___LEARN_______( learn) the letter by heart.

5. If they had enough money, they __WOULD BUY__________( buy ) a new house.

6. They ___WOULD PASS________ ( pass ) the exam if they studied harder.

7. If Nick __REPAIRED__ ( repair ) his bike, he could go on a bicycle tour with us.

8. She would get 50 pounds if she __SOLD__(sell) this old computer.

9. If I were you, I ___WOULD INVITE____( invite ) John to the party.

10. If the weather ___IS____(be) fine, the children can walk to school.

Bài 7: Choose the correct answer in the brackets.

1. If I ( listen/ listens/ will listen) to classical music, I (writes/ writes/ can write) good poems.

2. Sally (look/ looks/ must look) after her baby brother if her father ( go/ goes/ with go ) jogging.

3. If you (take/ takes/ will take) the train, you ( arrive/ arrive/ should arrive ) in Hanoi before 8 pm.

4. The girls ( hurry/ hurries/ should hurry) if they ( book/ books/ haven’t booked) the tickets yet.

5. If Mark ( do/ does/ will do ) that, Sue ( scream/ screamed/ will scream ).

Bài 8: Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form.

1. If I had time, I (go) shopping with you. WOULD GO

2. If you (speak) English, you will get along with them perfectly. SPEAK

3. If she (come ) to see us, we will go to the zoo. COMES

4. I would (tell) you, if I saw him. TELL

5. Would you mind if I (open) the window? OPENED

6. My friend will meet me at the station if he (get) the afternoon off. GETS

7. If I (not do) it, nobody would do it. DIDN’T DO

8. If my mother (not pick) me up, I’ll take the bus home. DOESN’T PICK

Bài 9: Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.

1. If we (A) have time (B) in the weekend, we (C) will come (D) to see you.

2. If I (A) am you, I would (B) follow (C) his (D) advice.

3. He can (A) pass (B) the exam if he (C) studied (D) hard.

4. What (A) do you (B) do if you won (C) the first prize of (D) the lottery?

5. Would people (A) be able (B) to fly, if they (C) have feathers (D) instead of hair?

Bài 10: Rearrange the words or phrases to make meaningful sentences.

1. not / if / does / rain / it / we /, /go / out / will / for / walk / a /.

___ if it doesn’t rain, we will go out for a walk _______

2. there / if / plant / more / we / trees / , /be / more / will / animals / this / in / area /.

If we plant more trees, there will be more animals in this area.

3. earn / unless / works / he / hard / , / will / nothing / he /.

Unless he works hard, he will earn nothing

4. if / I / accept / that / were / company’s / would / offer / I / Alex/.

I would accept that company’s offer if I were Alex.

5. following / they / that / device / that / would / announced / be / produced / the / year /.

They announced that the device would be produced the following year.

A. PHONETICS

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1. A. weather B. hearty C. meadow D. breath

2. A. public B. scuba-diving C. understand D. culture

3. A. ruin B. fruit C. cruise D. juice

4. A. relax B. natural C. safari D. camping

5. A. biology B. biosphere C. biodiversity D. biogas

II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. ecology B. minority C. historical D. favourable

2. A. energy B. destination C. understanding D. degradation

3. A. environment B. eco-friendly C. inorganic D. vegetation

4. A. ecology B. scuba-diving C. sustainable D. phenomenon

5. A. adventurous B. habitat C. sustainable D. traditional

6. A. preservation B. equality C. economic D. entertainment

B. VOCABUALRY AND GRAMMAR

I. Complete the sentences with a suitable word in the box.

recognized	stalactites	diversity	biodiversity
ecotourism	conservation	awareness	productive

1. The Central Highlands is also highly appreciated thanks to its high biological _____ diversity ______.

2. The Bach Ma area has long been famous for its rich _____ biodiversity _____ , and plant species richness within Bach Ma National Park is still high.

3. Son Doong Cave has been ______ recognized _____ as the largest natural cave in the world.

4. Phong Nha Cave has the longest underground river, the highest and longest cave, broadest and most beautiful fine sand beaches inside the caves, the most spectacular stalagmites and _____ stalactites ______.

5. Ecotourism is a form of travel that seeks to improve environmental ______ awareness ______, foster cultural respect, and benefit the economic development of local communities.

6. The Mekong Delta is one of the world's largest and most ______ productive _____ inland fisheries.

7. The most typical ______ ecotourism _____ activities are visits and studies in some national parks, adventurous activities in the mountain areas, and community-based ecotourism activities in the mountainous areas.

8. Researchers consider Phong Nha - Ke Bang to be of particular importance for bird ____ conservation ____.

II. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.

1. The birds (be) ___will be___ scared and (fly) ____fly____ away if the birdwatchers (make) ___make___ loud noises.

2. I (take) ___will take___ the laptop back to the shop if you (not know) ___don’know___ how to fix it.

3. John and Ann (feel) ___will feel____ disappointed if nobody (come) ____comes_____ to their party.

4. If I (need) ___need____ money to buy a dictionary, you (lend) ____will you lend____ me some?

5. I (be) ___will be____ surprised if you (fail) ____fail___ the exam. You're working so hard.

6. We (help) ___will help____ you to do the housework if we (have) _____have_____ time.

7. If you (throw) ____throw__ plastic bags into the sea, the fish (eat) ___may eat__ them and (die) ___die___.

8. You (cause) __will cause__ a forest fire if you (make) __make__ a campfire and then (leave) __leave__ it unattended.

III. Choose the correct word or phrasal to complete the sentences.

1. My parents might be sad if I fail/ will fail the exam.

2. If it doesn't rain, we would eat/ will eat in the garden.

3. You get/ will get a discount if you pay for the trip in advance.

4. We will not go/ go to school on time if the bus is late again.

5. I'm sure he calls/ will call you if he doesn't see you at the party.

6. If Alice leaf/ leaves for Ha Noi at 3 o'clock, she'll be there by 10.30.

7. You went/ can go out with your friends if you finish your homework before 7 o'clock.

8. If you pay/ will pay for an ecostour, part of your money will be used for wildlife protection.

IV. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.

1. If I had a typewriter I _____would type_____ (type) it myself.

2. If I _____knew_____ (know) his address I'd give it to you.

3. He ____would look_____ (look) a lot better if he shaved more often.

4. If you _____played_____ (play) for lower stakes you wouldn't lose so much.

5. If he worked more slowly he ___wouldn’t make____ (not make) so many mistakes.

6. I shouldn't drink that wine if I ____were____ (be) you.

7. More tourists would come to this country if it _____had_____ (have) a better climate.

8. If I were sent to prison you ___would you visit___ (visit) me?

9. If someone ____gave___ (give) you a helicopter what would you do with it?

10. I ____would buy_____ (buy) shares in that company if I had some money.

V. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.

1. If I had known that you were in hospital I ___would have visited___ (visit) you.

2. The ground was very soft. But for that, my horse ____would have won___ (win).

3. If you ____had arrived___ (arrive) ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat.

4. You would have seen my garden at its best if you _____had been______ (be) here last week.

5. But for his quickness I ___would have been___ (be) killed.

6. I shouldn't have believed it if I ___hadn’t seen____ (not see) it with my own eyes.

7. If he had slipped, he ____would have fallen_____ (fall) 500 metres.

8. If he had asked you, you ____would you have accepted_____ (accept)?

9. If I ____had had____ (had) a map I would have been all right.

10. If I ____had known_____- (know) that you were coming I'd have baked a cake.

VI. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.

1. The southeast area of Viet Nam has typical _____ecological______ systems with Cat Tien, Con Dao National Park, Can Gio Biosphere Reserve, which are characterized by high biological diversity. 2. Bac Lieu Bird Sanctuary Nature Reserve is a coastal rich and ___diversified____ salt forest floor with the natural salt-marsh ecosystem. 3. The wonder of Cao Son Eco-Lodge in Lao Cai is ____inspirational____ with mild weather, authentic culture of local hill tribes and spectacular landscapes. 4. The limestone forest ecosystem at Phong Nha - Ke Bang support a high diversity of plant and animal species, and it is of the greatest __conservation____ significance. 5. At an altitude of 178 meters, Ba Be is the only ___significant____ natural mountain lake in Viet Nam. 6. Ba Be Lake is unique among Vietnamese protected areas for the diversity of freshwater ____habitats_____. 7. The vegetation of Cuc Phuong National Park is ____dominated___ by limestone forest. 8. Cuc Phuong National Park ____supports_____ populations of several mammal species of conservation importance.

ECOLOGY DIVERSE INSPIRE CONSERVE SIGNIFICANCE HABITANT DOMINATION SUPPORTIVE

VII. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

1. “Would you mind if we ____ you by your first name?” - “Not at all. Please call me Tom.”

A. called B. call C. calling D. want to call

2. She can't get home ____ she has no money.

A. unless B. if C. until D. without

3. If I had known your new address, we ____ to see you.

A. came B. will come C. would come D. would have come

4. If we took the 10:30 train, ____ too early.

A. we would arrive B. we should arrive C. we will arrive D. we may arrive

5. It's very crowded here. I wish there ____ so many people.

A. aren't B. weren't C. haven't been D. isn't

6. I wouldn't go there at night if I ____ you

A. am B. was C. were D. had been

7. If I ____ get a rode, I'll go fishing.

A. can B. could C. may D. might

8. If they had enough time, they ____ head south.

A. will B. can C. must D. might

9. If you ____ a choice, which country would you visit?

A. have B. had C. have had D. will have

10. Trees won't grow ____ there is enough water.

A. if B. when C. unless D. as

11. I have a test to take tomorrow morning. If I ____ free time, I ____ to Cuc Phuong National Park with you.

A. had - would go B. will have - will go C. have - will go D. had - went

12. Phong Nha Cave has been regarded by the British Cave Research Association as the top cave in the world ____ its four top records.

A. despite B. with C. due to D. because

13. ____ the decisive assistance of the villagers, we would not be able to facilitate the ecotour.

A. But B. Neither C. With D. Without

14. According to the weather forecast, it will be fine at the weekend. If the weather ____ fine, we ____ on camping at the weekend.

A. were - would go B. was – went C. is - will go D. will be - go

15. After lunch, we take a short talk to the elephant camp ____ you will enjoy an exciting elephant riding.

A. where B. what C. that D. when

16. You can climb up Mount McKinley, the highest peak in North America, to explore the rest of Denali National Park in Alaska, and view some ____ wildlife.

A. interested B. spectacular C. excited D. great

17. The vast wilderness of Alaska offers some unbelievable ecotourism opportunities, and one of the most ____ tourism industries in the USA.

A. sustainable B. natural C. safe D. environmental

18. Villagers can compete against the commercial fishing and timber companies who ____ the natural resources of the area, taking as much as they want.

A. deplete B. lower C. leave D. decrease

19. The Mekong Delta is an extraordinary place that ____ international tourists.

A. offers B. considers C. attracts D. persuades

20. The areas are very ____ for tourists who love to study and discover.

A. suitable B. available C. successful D. aware

C. READING

I. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space.

working	middle	clouds	away	recognized
include	amazing	attractive	create	destination

Depart from Ha Noi and head for Highland of Ha Giang, it would be a long but fantastic trip. It is the zigzag mountain path that will make your journey unforgettable.

Meo Vac is exactly the next (1) ___ destination ___ that will take your breath (2) ___away___. You will totally be in the feeling of adventure, feeling of peace and feeling of full discovery. Starting your way of exploration, Meo Vac is the right place for you to check out some of 23 minority groups in Ha Giang, which (3) ___include___ Hmong, Tay, Nung tribes. The Nho Que River seems to be so tiny among big mountains. You can see here and there the locals in their colorful dresses, (4) ____working___ on the terraced fields.

Making the way north, you will arrive in Dong Van. The minibus creeps in the layers of (5) __clouds__ again, overwhelming you with loads of beautiful sceneries. Passing Heaven's Gate, Rock Plateau, which was (6) ___recognized___ by the UNESCO as a geological park, seems to appear before your eyes like a masterpiece of nature. Like other sites in Ha Giang, Dong Van is (7) ___attractive___ all year around, particularly, on Lunar New Year holiday when various cultures of minority groups are strongly and widely exposed. Besides, you will be able to witness the brilliant yellow paddy fields around August and September, which is in the (8) ___middle___ of the harvest season.

Up to Lung Cu, the (9) ____amazing____ beauty of rocky area will continue to captivate your soul. The Highest Flagpole of the North Viet Nam, Old Palace of Hmong King, Pho Bang Old Town are of your good choices here. They (10) _____create_____ the harmony between culture and history of the highland. Let's join in the local market, and we guarantee that you will have what you are looking for!

II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.

Come “fly" over the Rainforest - We'll take your breath away!

Located in Cairns, Australia, Rainforest Flyway is a world leader in (1) ____. We take our guests on a breathtaking “flight over rainforest trees and straight into the heart of the rainforest for an unforgettable experience.

On the Flyway, you'll experience over 7.5 kilometers of living rainforests while learning about this spectacular place. Did you know that Australia's rainforests are home to over 3,000 different plant species? And (2) ____ of the trees here are more than 3,000 years old! After this visit you'll understand why it's so important to (3) ____ the rainforests. And you'll see that environmentally responsible travel can be fun, educational, and breathtaking.

Even if you're a world traveler, you've never experienced anything like the Rainforest Flyway. You'll start your unique journey above the (4) ____, as you “fly” in a comfortable gondola only a few meters above the trees. Sit back and enjoy the extraordinary (5) ____. You will be amazed at the breathtakingly rich and lush foliage. And rest assured, there was no damage done to the rainforest (6) ____ during the construction of your gondola. That's why the development of the Flyway took over 40 months to complete.

Your gondola will bring you down into the rainforest itself, where you follow a path to see, hear, and smell the rainforest environment from the ground. Free tours are available several times a day. (7) ____ guides can point out some unusual plants, provide you with interesting facts about rainforest ecology, and answer your questions.

Your Rainforest Flyway experience lasts 90 minutes and ends in the small town of Kuranda, just 25 kilometers northwest of Cairns. Here, you can continue your eco-tour with a visit to the protected areas that 2,000 tropical butterflies call home. You can also buy (8) ____ arts and crafts made by the people of Kuranda. And if that isn't enough, you can continue on to the (9) ____ reserve located a short 9 kilometers west of Kuranda to see animals from all parts of the world.

Rainforest Flyway has won numerous awards, including Travel Planet magazine's "Best Ecotourism Destination” Call or visit us online to make your (10) ____ reservations.

1. A. difference B. range C. ecotourism D. quality

2. A. some B. part C. type D. any

3. A. exist B. accommodate C. store D. preserve

4. A. flood B. rainforest C. forest D. jungle

5. A. appearance B. scenery C. photo D. present

6. A. ecology B. biology C. geography D. ecotourism

7. A. Tourism B. Tour C. Tourist D. Touring

8. A. beneficial B. right C. original D. negative

9. A. ecology B. ecotour C. ecotourist D. wildlife

10. A. protections B. reservations C. guides D. organizations

D. WRITING

I. Rewrite the conditional sentences for the following situations.

1. Phong doesn't have enough money so he can't travel abroad.

If Phong had enough money, he could travel abroad.

2. I don't drive too close to the animals on safari. They don't get scared.

If I drove too close to the animals on safari, they would get scared.

3. Tom doesn't have a passport. He can't travel abroad.

If Tom had a passport, he would travel abroad.

4. There are so many tourists visiting the national parks. The environment there is badly damaged.

If there weren’t so many tourists visiting the national parks, the environment there would not be badly damaged.

5. Tourists throw litter in the river. The water is polluted.

If tourists didn’t throw litter in the river, the water would not be polluted.

6. I can't swim, so I'm not going scuba - diving with you.

If I could swim, I would go scuba - diving with you.

7. I want to go on an eco-tour to Phu Quoc National Park, but I don't have any holiday.

If I had any holiday left, I would go on an eco-tour to Phu Quoc National Park.

8. These students do not work hard. They can't pass the exam.

If these students work hard, they would pass the exam.

II. Rewrite the conditional sentences for the following situations.

1. Hoa's got so much homework that she can't go out with her friends tonight.

If Hoa didn’t have so much homework, she would go out with her friends tonight.

2. Sue doesn't have Tony's email address. She can't send him a message.

If Sue had Tony’s email address, she could send him a message.

3. I could make a cake for you, but there aren't any eggs in the fridge now.

If there were eggs in the fridge now, I would make a cake for you.

4. Nancy doesn't live near the park. She can't go running there every morning.

If Nancy lived near the park, she would go running there every morning.

5. Nam can't swim. He is not allowed to go to the swimming pool alone.

If Nam could swim, he would go to the swimming pool alone.

6. I can't go to the concert because I have a lot of homework to do.

If I didn’t have too much homework to do, I could go to the concert.

7. Nam doesn't have a camera, so he can't take pictures of his trip.

If Nam had a camera, he could take pictures of his trip.

TEST 2

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1. A. conserve B. preserve C. reserve D. desert

2. A. mile B. militant C. smile D. kind

3. A. peace B. great C. treat D. meat

4. A. destruction B. sustainable C. status D. nature

5. A. device B. deplete C. exotic D. challenge

II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. activity B. enjoyable C. economy D. difficulty

2. A. environment B. ecology C. intervention D. community

3. A. Vietnamese B. contribution C. conservation D. concentrate

4. A. alternative B. competitive C. conservative D. inexpensive

5. A. economical B. ecological C. environmental D. unavoidable

6. A. eliminate B. concentration C. eventually D. inhabitant

III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

1. ____ she agreed, you would have done it.

A. If B. Had C. Should D. Would

2. If you ____ to be chosen for the job, you'll have to be experienced in the field.

A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. wants

3. If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy ____ saved.

A. might be B. have been C. was D. might have been

4. If there ____ enough water, the rice fields could have been more productive.

A. had been B. were C. would be D. are

5. The patient could not recover unless he ____ an operation. [undergo: pass through]

A. had undergone B. would undergo C. underwent D. was undergoing

6. If she ____ him, she would be very happy.

A. met B. will meet C. is meeting D. should meet

7. If he ____ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post.

A. had had B. had C. has D. has had

8. If I had enough money, I ____ abroad to improve my English.

A. will go B. would go C. should go D. should have to go

9. If it ____ convenient, let's go out for a drink tonight.

A. be B. is C. was D. were

10. If you ____ time, please write to me.

A. have B. had C. have had D. has

11. The gardens and islets near the Tien and Hau River are very attractive ecotourism ____ of the region.

A. views B. scenes C. sights D. destinations

12. The show Captain Bob's Adventure Children is available now. If children of all ages ____ it, they ____ part in an airboat ride and an interactive reptile show.

A. enjoyed - would take B. enjoyed – took C. enjoy - will take D. enjoys – take

13. If you ____ to Pak Ou Caves in Laos, you ____ thousands of Buddha images and statues which have been deposited here over centuries.

A. went - saw B. would go-saw C. go - see D. go - will see

14. Local people can't see the benefits of ecotourism in their region. If ecotourism ____ their lives by creating new job opportunities, they ____ a more active role in the conservation.

A. improved - would play B. improved - played C. improves - will play D. improves - play

15. If visitors ____ their holiday in Hawaii, they ____ in typical ecotourism activities, such as whale watching, kayaking, surfing, snorkelling, scuba diving, and boating.

A. spent - would participate B. would spend - would participate

C. spend - participate D. spend - will participate

16. We can help ____ the environment by using green and sustainable energy sources.

A. waste B. save C. keep D. enjoy

17. Ecotourism ____ are important to the overall sustainable energy sources.

A. drawings B. designs C. intentions D. plans

18. Texas is ____ to a number of eco-tour companies, and plenty of ranches and resorts.

A. home B. house C. accommodation D. building

19. Seattle is one of the most ____ cities in the US.

A. ecosystem B. eco-friendly C. ecology D. ecological

20. In Alaska, the ecotourism operators are designed to help minimise tourism ____, which may be more difficult to control as an independent traveler.

A. result B. impact C. action D. power

IV. Complete the sentences with a suitable word in the box.

camping	sustainable	environmental	ecotourism	ecological
impacts	ecology	exotic	habitat	destinations

1. I am very much interested learning more about _____ ecotourism _____ and its benefits.

2. Cutting down trees or hunting wild animals may upset the ____ ecological ______ balance of an area.

3. It was quite relaxing/ interesting to spend a week on a ____ camping ____ trip with friends in the open air.

4. A ____ sustainable _____ forest is a forest where trees that are cut are replanted and the wildlife is protected.

5. Mass tourism may cause ____ environmental ____ problems such as pollution, water shortages, or an increase of waste.

6. When you take part in an ecotourism, you learn more about the cultural traditions of the local people and the ____habitat____ of some rare animals

7. Top _____ destinations ___ for ecotourism are usually national parks, forests or rural areas.

8. There could be both positive and negative _____ impacts ____ of tourism activities on the environment.

9. Water pollution and scuba - diving activities can harm the _____ ecology _____ of the coral reefs.

10. We can find lots of different ______exotic______ flowers at the flower festival this year.

V. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the sentence correct.

1. If someone came into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?" → comes

A B C D

2. If you try these cosmetics, you look five years younger. → will look

A B C D

3. If you do not understand what was written in the book, you could ask Mr. Pike. → can ask

A B C D

4. I will come to meet Mr. Pike and tell him about your problems if you didn't solve them yourself. → don’t solve

A B C D

5. Sam will not graduate unless he doesn't pass all the tests. → if

A B C D

6. If there isn't enough food, we couldn't continue our journey. → can’t continue

A B C D

7. Unless you pour oil on water, it will float. → If

A B C D

8. You have to take a taxi home if you want to leave now. → will have to

A B C D

9. If anyone will phone, tell them I'll be back at 11:00. → phones

A B C D

10. We can hire a minibus if there will be enough people. → there are

A B C D

VI. Choose the word in the box to complete the text.

positive	diversity	home	flooded	number
features	collected	provides	Although	ecotourism

Located only 40 km from downtown Ho Chi Minh City, Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, with great historical and cultural traditions. Can Gio is uniquely valuable for its (1) ____ diversity ____ - 72 mangrove plant species, some of which are rare species listed in the Viet Nam Red List.

Recreational visits to Can Gio started in the mid-1990s as students drom the city came to visit the beach and see monkeys on the weekends.

There are three main tourist (2) ___ features ___ in Can Gio. The Forest Park is (3) ____home____ to a mischievous 600-member monkeys, a semi-natural crocodile pool, and a historical museum. Visitors enjoy walking under the cool mangrove branches and playing with the monkeys.

The Vam Sat site includes a bat sanctuary in the (4) __flooded__ area and a bird sanctuary containing over 10 species listed in the Red List. Vam Sat (5) ____ provides _____ visitors with basic knowledge of the ecosystem of mangrove fauna, and has therefore attracted a good (6) ____number____ of scientists and true eco-tourists.

The April 30th Beach is located in the transition zone near Can Gio Town. (7) ____Although____ the long beach is not of high quality, it is near the city and features cheap local seafood.

At the moment and in general, the impact of tourism on the local economy and society is (8) ___positive___. Some local community members have been their income increase and their living standards improve through employment in beach services. But (9) ____ ecotourism ___ in Can Gio is also having some negative impact on the environment and the community. With the number of visitors increasingly rapidly, beach pollution is becoming a problem. Waste is (10) ___ collected __ each morning, but for the rest of the day, rubbish from food and drink shops are thrown into the beach creating unhygienic conditions.

VII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.

NAM CAT TIEN NATIONAL PARK

In the early morning of the first day, the guide will pick you up and transfer to Nam Cat Tien National Park, located on a low mountainous area of Dong Nai Province. Nam Cat Tien is an area which represents a special ecosystem of wet (1) ____ with biodiversity.

You will take a boat trip along the Dong Nai River to view the (2) ____ on the river banks. You can stop at the grassland area to search for peacocks, jungle fowl and birds that prefer a more open habitat. After that, you can continue to go to Kim Lan Village, once a French military camp and now the main village to the one ethnic (3) ____ of the park.

The song of birds will wake you up in the morning of the second day. You go hiking to the crocodile lake with plenty of (4) ____ to see many varieties of bird life and, if you are lucky, the chance of spotting larger mammals. The Siamese Crocodile is an endangered (5) ____ and this is one of the last remaining places in the world that you can still see them in the wild. In the evening, a walking tour along the track following the river through the botanical garden to Heaven Rapids, which provide you with good opportunities to see the birds and possibly the gibbon.

1. A. places B. varieties C. forests D. area

2. A. change B. variety C. diverse D. wildlife

3. A. inhabitants B. mammals C. plants D. habitats

4. A. occasion B. notes C. opportunities D. advantages

5. A. surfaces B. layers C. spots D. species

VIII. Choose the best answer.

As most potential ecotourist sites are inhabited by ethnic minorities, the principle of “encouraging community participation in ecotourism activities” should both create income and help maintain cultural identity. These communities have a deep understanding of traditional festivals, cultivation and land use customs, traditional lifestyle and handicrafts, and historical places. A trip to the limestone mountain of Cao Bang - Bac Kan, for example, is valuable not only for the Ba Be Lake, but for the opportunity to learn about cultivation customs, dying practices using endemic plants to produce brocading, and traditional handmade boats of precious timber collected in the forest.

Because ecotourism is important for environmental education, maintenance of indigenous culture, and local economic development, both investment and government encouragement are required.

One research shows that 90 percent of ecotourist guides lack environmental knowledge about the flora, fauna, and natural resources in the area, and 88 percent would benefit from ecotourism guidebooks written especially for them. An illustration of wasted potential caused by this lack of training is Ha Long Bay, a world heritage site with immense environmental value - coral reefs, limestone mountains, thousands of flora and fauna species of high biodiversity, and rich cultural identity. But tourists in Ha Long Bay are presently visiting only the Bay and some caves, not accessing environmental information or local cultural activities. In general, the full potential of ecotourism has not yet been reached.

International visitors to Viet Nam often like to visit ethnic minority villages to observe the culture, meet local people, and participate in traditional activities. The ethnic minorities who live in or near nature reserves maintain distinctive lifestyles, cultural identities, and traditional customs. These features are part of the real value of ecotourism. However, local people are not much involved in ecotourism.

In additional, local people still live in poverty, their life closely associates with natural resources. The economic benefits of ecotourism need to be shared with them, but this will not happen without community participation.

1. The word “distinctive” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.

A. close to nature B. easily understood

C. clearly different from others D. staying the same for a long time

2. In order to develop ecotourism, local communities should ____.

A. change their distinctive lifestyles B. share the economic benefits of ecotourism

C. depend on natural resources D. take part in all aspects of ecotourism

3. An ecotour to the region of ethnic minorities is very valuable because tourists ____.

A. can understand the aspects of cultures and traditions

B. can make a trip to the limestone mountain of Cao Bang - Bac Kan

C. can learn dying practices using endemic plants to produce brocading

D. can make traditional boats of precious timber collected in the forest

4. Ecotourism can bring all the following benefits EXCEPT ____.

A. establishing more national parks and nature reserves

B. introducing cultures of ethnic minorities to foreign tourists

C. maintaining cultural identity

D. providing opportunities to learn about traditional customs

5. Tourist guides who lack environmental knowledge can't ____.

A. get ecotourism guidebooks written especially for them

B. make ethnic minorities have a deep understanding of their traditional festivals

C. make tourists access all environmental information or local cultural activities

D. take tourists to Ha Long Bay, a world heritage site with immense environmental value

TEST 3

Unit 10. ECOTOURISM

Part I. PHONETICS

Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

1. A. culture B. public C. sustain D. butterfly

2. A. pollution B. coral C. problem D. ecology

3. A. discount B. observe C. safari D. scuba-diving

4. A. relax B. departure C. benefit D. interest

5. A. nature B. manage C. balance D. campfire

Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

6. A. suggest B. involve C. travel D. sustain

7. A. natural B. safari C. interest D. benefit

8. A. butterfly B. departure C. tradition D. protection

9. A. environment B. ecology C. sustainable D. beneficial

10. A. ecotourism B. relaxation C. preservation D. disappointed

Part II. VOCABULARY

Exercise 3. Mark the letter A. B. C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

11. You can see different kinds of rare animals in this park.

A. priceless B. half-cooked C. unlimited D. limited

12. If you book tickets early, you can get a discount.

A. award B. prize C. deduction D. bonus

13. A sustainable forest is a forest where trees that are cut are replanted and the wildlife is protected.

A. pre-tested B. preserved C. reserved D. protested

14. When you take part in an eco tour, you learn more about the cultural traditions of the local people and the natural habitat of some rare animals.

A. participate B. conduct C. enjoy D. depart

15. Cuting down trees or hunting wild animals may upset the ecological balance of an area.

A. strengthen B. motivate C. comfort D. disturb

16. Mass tourism may cause numerous problems.

A. bring in B. bring up C. bring about D. bring away

17. I am very much interested in learning more about ecotourism and its benefits.

A. problems B. advantages C. dangers D. issues

18. Ecotourism means travel to areas of natural or ecological interest to observe wildlife and learn about the environment.

A. look at B. look up C. look into D. look down

19. Mass tourism has contributed to the destruction of the environment.

A. organization B. structure C. construction D. devastation

20. A lot of waste from hotels and vehicles is also discharged into the water and air.

A. discussed B. collected C. released D. treated

21. Tourists enjoy the beauty of wildlife without harming it.

A. fostering B. damaging C. protecting D. preserving

22. To entertain tourists, we have to change our usual foods to suit their tastes or adapt dances and traditions to suit their needs.

A. satisfy B. enjoy C. attract D. persuade

23. Ecotourism can be beneficial to local people.

A. bad B. good C. different D. meaningless

24. To build hotels, people destroy forests.

A. re-plant B. grow C. wipe out D. protect

25. Ecotourism helps tourists learn how to protect the environment.

A. damage B. change C. adapt D. save

26. Some farmers in the Mekong Delta have attracted hundreds of foreign visitors to their ecological gardens.

A. appealed to B. refused C. rejected D. turned down

27. Our country's natural and cultural potential for ecotourism is well known.

A. possibility for failure B. possibility for victory

C. possibility for loss D. possibility for achievement

28. Eco tours in our country involve mainly travel to natural places.

A. primarily B. basically C. initially D. roughly

29. Their activities are not based on the ecotourism principles.

A. principals B. rules C. criteria D. points

30. If tourists throw rubbish or break tree branches, they are heavily fined.

A. advanced B. compensated C. penalized in money D. awarded in money

31. Some tourist areas have suffered from some environmental damage.

A. covered B. finished C. taken D. undergone

32. Ecotourism activities have had some negative impacts on the environment and people in the area.

A. influences B. factors C. criteria D. stimuli

33. The worst impact is the massive loss of land.

A. minimal B. tiny C. heavy D. acceptable

34. Ecotourism needs to recruit better educated people, so it won't provide more jobs for the local people.

A. reduce B. offer C. wipe out D. add

35. If tourists leave litter after the picnic, they may cause pollution.

A. drop B. depart C. escape D. disappear

36. Making a campfire requires cutting down trees for firewood.

A. demands B. fosters C. encourages D. prevents

37. Campfires may cause forest fires if they are unattended.

A. focused B. neglected C. looked after D. watched

38. Hunting animals may lead to their extinction.

A. reduction B. imprisonment C. death D. survival

39. Ecotourism is booming and tour operators say this helps nature.

A. decreasing B. declining C. falling D. flourishing

40. Ecotourism is making animals bolder and become less cautious about other animals.

A. careful B. careless C. reckless D. foolish

41. If animals become less careful about other animals, they are at risk of being attacked by their natural predators.

A. helped B. harmed C. protected D. saved

42. Ecotourism is a unique way for travellers to engage in sustainable tourism while vacationing.

A. disconnect B. promise to marry C. join D. catch

Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

43. The United Nations has declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism, to promote sustainable practices in this growing industry.

A. favour B. raise C. boost D. delay

44. In order for ecotourism to be categorized as successful, it must involve local populations in the program.

A. exclude B. comprise C. engage D. relate

43. Venice has suggested imposing a tax on all visitors to help pay for restoration of the ancient buildings.

A. introducing B. removing C. levying D. lessening

46. There are 1.6 billion tourists roaming the world, and the impact of tourism can be devastating.

A. disastrous B. nondestructive C. ruinous D. devastative

47. "Green" tourists or "eco-tourists" are upset by the effects of mass tourism.

A. tense B. troubled C. nervous D. relaxed

48. How many people can visit the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador without affecting the ecological balance?

A. keeping intact B. influencing C. troubling D. causing disturbance

49. It may become necessary for the United Nations to work out international agreements and strict environmental controls on the tourist industry.

A. tight B. loose C. exact D. accurate

50. Researchers believe tourists disrupt animals in their natural habitat.

A. disturb B. confuse C. organize D. mix up

Part III. GRAMMAR

Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

51. If businesses want to protect the environment, they will aid the local community and educating travellers.

A B C D

52. Nowadays, many of us tried to live in a way that will damage the environment as little as possible.

A B C D

53. Ecotourism must benefits the local people and involve the local community.

A B C D

54. Ecotourism must be sustainable, that is make a profit without destroy natural resources.

A B C D

55. Ecotourism must provide an experiences that tourists want to pay for.

A B C D

56. In a true ecotourism project, a nature reserve allows a small number of tourists to visiting its rare animals

A B

and uses the money that is generated to continue with important.

C D

57. The local people have jobs in the nature reserve as guides and wardens and also has a voice in how the

A B C D

project develops.

58. Tourists stay in local houses with local people, not in special built hotels.

A B C D

59. Tourists experience the local culture and do not take precious energy and water away from the locally

A B C D

population.

60. Tourists travel by foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant so that there is no pollution.

A B C D

61. Ecotourism brings tourists a specially experience that they will remember all of their lives.

A B C D

62. This type of tourism can only involve small number of people so it can be expensive.

A B C D

63. Tourists can apply to the principles of ecotourism wherever they go for their holiday.

A B C D

64. Tourists should learn about the place that they going to visit.

A B C D

65. Have respect for local culture by wearing clothes that will not offend local people and ask them for

A B C

permission before you take a photograph.

D

66. Remember the phrase "Leave nothing behind you except footprints and taking nothing away except

A B C D

photographs”.

Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

67. If you buy souvenirs made from endangered animals or plants, you ____ contribute to making them become extinct.

A. would B. might C. could D. are

68. You ____ help the local people if you buy local products whenever possible and pay a fair price for what you buy.

A. could B. would C. wouldn’t D. will

69. If you want to help, remember ____ or use other non-polluting forms of transport whenever you can.

A. to walk B. walk C. walking D. walked

70. Eco-tourists should be flexible and keep a sense of humour when ____ things wrong.

A. went B. goes C. go D. going

71. Don't be afraid ____ the holiday company about what they do that is 'eco'.

A. about asking B. to asking C. asking D. to ask

72. “Eco" is very fashionable today and a lot of holidays that ____ as ecotourism are not much better than traditional tourism.

A. advertise B. are advertised C. are advertising D. advertising

73. The damage to local communities, customs and crafts that results ____ the arrival of huge groups of tourists.

A. to B. from C. in D. for

74. The travel industry should work with local councils and government agencies to agree ____ realistic standards for planning and development in tourist areas.

A. upon B. with C. at D. for

75. It may become necessary for the United Nations to work ____ international agreements and strict environmental controls on the tourist industry.

A. against B. on C. with D. out

76. Ecotourism is defined as responsible travel ____ natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people.

A. about B. in C. to D. for

77. Ecotourism is a booming business ____ many tour operators cite as being helpful to nature.

A. who B. that C. whose D. where

78. Every year, millions of people descend ____ protected and pristine natural areas to observe rare species.

A. on B. at C. in D. to

79. A number of reports have cast doubt ____ the value of ecotourism.

A. with B. about C. in D. on

80. It's hard to deny that humanity has played a pretty big role in changing nature ____ the worse.

A. with B. to C. for D. at

81. There will be some unforeseen consequences to the environment if we ____ ecotourism projects properly.

A. didn't manage B. don't manage C. couldn't manage D. wouldn't manage

82. If tourists win the trust of animals, they ____ put wild creatures in danger by encouraging them to relax with their natural predators.

A. will B. would C. could D. had

83. Ecotourism may become popular as people look for ways to get really close ____ exotic wildlife while keeping a clear conscience.

A. at B. in C. to D. with

84. Gorillas and penguins are among the species most susceptible ____ ecotourism because they have a strong tendency to relax in the presence of humans.

A. to B. in C. by D. with

85. As animals ____ to feeling comfortable with humans, they may become bolder.

A. will get used B. get used C. got used D. could get used

86. Professor Blumstein says that ecotourism is similar ____ domesticating or urbanizing the animals.

A. with B. as C. to D. like

87. Animals' regular interactions with people may lead ____ a kind of taming.

A. up B. in C. for D. to

88. Domesticated animals are less responsive ____ stimulated predatory attacks.

A. to B. with C. on D. at

89. Animals will take more time to flee from danger if they ____ in cities and are bolder.

A. will B. live C. would live D. could live

90. Ecotourism in distant and remote spots around the planet is getting more popular ____ tourists and tour guides.

A. to B. on C. with D. between

Part IV. SPEAKING

Exercise 7. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.

Two friends Nam and Lan are talking about the topic of ecotourism.

91. Nam: "How important is tourism to our country?"

Lan: “____”

A. More and more companies are advertising about ecotourism.

B. It really helps to create more jobs for a lot of people.

C. Tourism is also an industry.

D. It is hard to develop without learning about tourism.

92. Lan: "Would you like to work in tourism?"

Nam: “____”

A. The number of tourists to our country is increasing.

B. Everyone wants to be employed.

C. It's always been my dream to work as a tour guide.

D. Being a tour guide, you can lead an interesting life.

93. Nam: "What do you think tourism will be like in the future?"

Lan: “____”

A. I guess there will be various forms of tourism.

B. I've always interested in tourism industry.

C. It's not easy to find a job in tourism these days.

D. More females than males work in tourism industry.

94. Lan: "What do you think of the idea of space tourism?"

Nam: “____”

A. I'm thinking about ecotourism benefits.

B. Space exploration has brought numerous changes.

C. Rich people tend to spend more money on travelling.

D. It might be a profitable industry in the future.

95. Nam: "Do you think ecotourism is a good idea?”

Lan: “____”

A. Certainly. A lot of people may benefit from this kind of tourism.

B. Ecotourism is getting more and more popular.

C. Ecotourism is a hot topic these days.

D. Business people need a good idea to start up.

96. Nam: “Do you think tourism helps people in the world understand each other?"

Lan: “____”

A. It is important for people in the world to understand each other.

B. Wars may end when people understand each other.

C. People need sympathy to understand each other.

D. Definitely. Tourism helps people to get to know more about different cultures.

97. Nam: "Is tourism something that only rich people can take part in?"

Lan: "____”

A. Rich people tend to spend luxurious holidays.

B. Not really. So many cheap holidays are being offered these days.

C. Cheap holidays give you a chance to travel to more places.

D. Places of attractions are always full of visitors.

98. Nam: "What factors affect tourism?"

Lan: “____”

A. Economic factors are always decisive ones.

B. A strong tourism industry brings the country numerous advantages.

C. It is influenced by so many things, such as weather, people, and administrative policies.

D. People need to be professionally trained to work in tourism industry.

99. Nam: "Do you think tourism is bad for the planet?"

Lan: “____”

A. To some extent, yes, especially when tourists travel by plane.

B. People need to live in a green planet.

C. A lot of people want to travel around the planet.

D. We should protect our planet from bad tourism.

100. Nam: “What do you think about tourists in our country?"

Lan: “____”

A. There are tourists coming from other countries as well.

B. Our country is a favourite destination for many tourists.

C. The numbers of visitors to our country is increasing.

D. Well, most of them behave appropriately, but some are still very rude.

101. Lan: “How has tourism changed over the past few decades?”

Nam: “____”

A. Tourism is also considered as an industry.

B. In general, people without skills are at risk of being unemployed.

C. There have been new types of tourism, and tourists have become more responsible.

D. Ecotourism is not always beneficial to the local people.

102. Lan: “Are you a good ambassador for our country's tourism industry?"

Nam: “____”

A. Tourism industry really needs good ambassadors.

B. I hope so. I've always tried to get more people to know about tourist destinations in our country.

C. A number of people have been chosen as tourism ambassadors.

D. Tourism ambassadors really need to be good at communication skills.

103. Lan: "Which places in our country do visitors enjoy visiting the most?”.

Nam: “____”

A. It depends. Foreign visitors often like places such as Sa Pa or Ha Long Bay.

B. Our country is famous for many tourist attractions and friendly people.

C. Not all visitors are well-informed about places of attraction.

D. Tourism industry needs to work harder to boost the tourist destinations.

104. Nam: "What are some of the benefits of going away on holiday?”

Lan: “____”

A. Going away on holiday is getting more and more popular.

B. Ecotourism brings a number of benefits to the local people.

C. It is always expensive if people go to a place of tourist attractions.

D. We may broaden our horizons and experience new cultures.

105. Lan: "Do you always like to go to the same place for your holiday?”

Nam: “____”

A. It is strange that some people go to the same place again and again.

B. I don't think so. I always like to experience different places.

C. Preference for certain places is still common among a number of tourists.

D. Different places have different attractions.

Part V. READING

Exercise 8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Ecotourism is booming and many tour operators say this is helpful to nature. Every year, millions of people visit protected (106) ____ areas to observe rare species. However, a new report casts doubt (107) ____ this form of tourism. The report, (108) ____ in the journal "Trends in Ecology and Evolution", suggests that ecotourism damages more than (109) ____ nature. Researchers believe tourists disrupt animals in their natural (110) ____. They point to a recent (111) ____ in Costa Rica where turtles had problems laying their eggs because of the many tourists who had gathered (112) ____ the beach to watch them.

The report says that ecotourism is (113) ____ animals bolder. A human presence makes animals tamer and less (114) ____ about other animals. This could put them at (115) ____ of being attacked by their natural predators, so more of them will be killed. The report says that when animals interact with humans, "they may let (116) ____ their guard”. The report also says it is essential, “to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how different species in different situations (117) ____ to human visitation, and under what precise conditions human exposure might put them at risk".

106. A. nature B. natural C. naturally D. naturism

107. A. about B. for C. with D. on

108. A. publicized B. publicizing C. published D. publishing

109. A. helps B. help C. helpful D. helpless

110. A. habitable B. habitation C. habit D. habitat

111. A. even B. event C. eventful D. eventual

112. A. over B. in C. on D. to

113. A. making B. changing C. adapting D. altering

114. A. cautiously B. cautiousness C. caution D. cautious

115. A. chance B. risk C. work D. once

116. A. up B. in C. down D. on

117. A. respond B. response C. responsive D. respondent

Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Tourism will always have an impact on the places visited. Sometimes the impact is good, but often it is negative. For example, if lots of people visit one place, then this can damage the environment. The question is - how can we minimize the problems without preventing people from travelling and visiting places?

The main aim of ecotourism is to reduce the negative impact that tourism has on the environment and local people. The idea is to encourage tourists to think about what they do when they visit a place.

It's great to talk about protecting the environment, but how do you actually do this? There are a number of key points. Tourists shouldn't drop litter, they should stay on the paths, they shouldn't interfere with wildlife and they should respect local customs and traditions.

Some people see ecotourism as a contradiction. They say that any tourism needs infrastructure - roads, airports and hotels. The more tourists that visit a place, the more of these are needed and, by building more of these, you can't avoid damaging the environment.

But, of course, things aren't so black and white. Living in a place of natural beauty doesn't mean that you shouldn't benefit from things like better roads. As long as the improvements benefit the local people and not just the tourists, and the local communities are consulted on plans and changes, then is there really a problem?

In 2002 the United Nations celebrated the "International Year of Ecotourism". Over the past twenty years, more and more people have started taking eco-holidays. In countries such as Ecuador, Nepal, Costa Rica and Kenya, ecotourism represents a significant proportion of the tourist industry.

118. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. A brief introduction about ecotourism B. Some Dos for ecotourists

C. Some Don'ts for ecotourists D. Benefits and drawbacks of ecotoursim

119. In paragraph 1, the word "it" refers to ____.

A. tourism B. environment C. impact D. damage

120. According to the passage, what does the ecotourism aim at?

A. stopping ecotourism altogether B. reducing the tourism problems

C. preventing tourists from travelling D. finding a new form of tourism

121. According to the passage, which of the following is not mentioned as an activity to protect the environment?

A. not littering B. not interfering with wildlife

C. respecting local customs and traditions D. not hunting animals for food

122. In paragraph 4, the word "avoid" is closest in meaning to ____.

A. present B. pretend C. prevent D. protest

123. Which of the following is TRUE about the author's opinion?

A. Building extra infrastructure in ecotourism areas must be prohibited.

B. New infrastructure could be accepted as long as it also helps local people.

C. Tourists are consulted about the plans to build new infrastructure.

D. Governments are consulted about the plans to build new infrastructure,

Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Ecotourism is a unique way for travellers to engage in sustainable tourism while vacationing. Throughout the years, specific "Eco" organizations, including Eco-resorts, wurs, and Non-Governmental Organizations, have developed across the globe. This specific type of tourism is now increasingly becoming one of the more popular, with growth rates increasing every year. The United Nations, aware of the fact that tourism could be one of the most detrimental activities if not planned in accordance with the threshold imposed by nature, has declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism, to promote sustainable practices in this growing industry.

Recently, The Division for Sustainable Development, Small Island Developing States Unit, decided that in preparation for the International Day of Ecotourism, it would be beneficial to identify successful practices of ecotourism on small islands. In order for ecotourism to be categorized as successful, it must meet the following criteria: it must combine natural and cultural tourism; it must involve local populations in the program, including providing educational resources to the local community; it must identity, manage, and conserve the natural and cultural environment, as well as the resources on the island; it must generate practices that will lead to the future sustainability of the island. If these criteria are followed by an organization, it deserves to be recognized as successful.

In order to locate these certain organizations, the SIDS Unit started a thoughtful internet search for ecotourism organizations. The focus was on four different categories: Eco-resorts and hotels, Eco-tours, Non-Governmental Organizations involved in ecotourism, and Government Codes of Conduct and Guidelines regarding ecotourism for travellers. Once an Internet-site that filled the criteria was located, further contact with the organizations was initiated, enabling us to obtain further information directly from the source. Many of the organizations were delighted to correspond with us and are eager to show all that their organization has achieved.

The stories presented come from across the globe and vary in success levels. While all of the organizations engage in practicing ecotourism, some focus in different areas than others. This is due to a various number of reasons, including the size of an organization, length of time the organization has been in existence, amount of funding available, and economic/political situations occurring on the island. However, it is important to recognize that although some ecotourism organizations are more developed than others, the ultimate goal of sustainable development, conservation and education through ecotourism remains consistent.

124. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Ecotourism and its related issues B. Sustainable development

C. Environment pollution and its causes D. Job opportunities for local people

125. In paragraph 1, the word "detrimental" is closest in meaning to ____.

A. constructive B. destructive C. supportive D. beneficial

126. Why has the United Nations declared the celebration of the International Day of Ecotourism?

A. to raise people's awareness about ecotourism

B. to encourage more people to experience ecotourism

C. to boost sustainable practices in ecotourism

D. to stop ecotourism services completely

127. In paragraph 2, the word "categorized" is closest in meaning to ____.

A. prioritized B. typified C. examined D. classified

128. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT metioned as a criterion for successful ecotourism?

A. combination of natural and cultural tourism

B. local populations' involvement in the program

C. conservation of the natural and cultural environment

D. improvement in the infrastructure for more tourist attraction

129. In paragraph 3, the word “their” refers to ____.

A. organisations' B. travellers' C. hotels' D. guidelines'

130. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the differences in organizations' focuses?

A. How big the organization is.

B. How long the organization has been in existence

C. How much money is available to the organization.

D. How much the organization is supported.

Part VI. WRITING

Exercise 11. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

131. Eco-travellers have to prevent or minimize any negative impacts on the environment.

A. Eco-travellers are not required to protect the environment.

B. Eco-travellers are encouraged not to have any negative impacts on the environment.

C. It is eco-travellers' responsibility to prevent or minimize any negative impacts on the environment.

D. Eco-travellers have never had any negative impacts on the environment.

132. Our aim is to provide tourists with the principles of ecotourism throughout their trip.

A. Tourists provide us with the principles of ecotourism throughout their trip.

B. We aim at providing the principles of ecotourism for tourists throughout their trip.

C. We provide ourselves with the principles of ecotourism through our trip.

D. We need more information about the principles of ecotourism for our trip.

133. You should choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before you go.

A. You are advised to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure.

B. You are obliged to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure.

C. You are required to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure.

D. You have to choose your travel provider on the basis of their eco principles and practices before your departure.

134. It is necessary for you to educate yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles.

A. You don't have to educate yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles.

B. You aren't required to educate yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles.

C. You should educate yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles.

D. You may object to educating yourself about the destination you are visiting by reading guidebooks and travel articles.

135. It is compulsory for the tourists to learn about the vital eco-systems before arriving.

A. Tourists are free to learn about the vital eco-systems before arriving.

B. It is optional for tourists to learn about the vital eco-systems before arriving.

C. Tourists are not required to learn about the vital eco-systems before arriving.

D. Tourists are required to learn about the vital eco-systems before arriving.

Exercise 12. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

136. You can't remove any products from the nature. It is illegal.

A. You can't remove any products from the nature, so it is illegal.

B. Because you can't remove any products from the nature, it is illegal.

C. You can't remove any products from the nature because it is illegal.

D. You can't remove any products from the nature unless it is illegal.

137. You should try to limit the use of natural resources. They are running out in many tourist destinations.

A. You should try to limit the use of natural resources unless they are running out in many tourist destinations.

B. Because you try to limit the use of natural resources, they are running out in many tourist destinations.

C. You should try to limit the use of natural resources, so they are running out in many tourist destinations.

D. Natural resources are running out in many tourist destinations, so you should try to limit their use.

138. We don't allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption. They will become extinct sooner.

A. We don't allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption, so they will become extinct sooner.

B. If we allowed the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption, they would become extinct sooner.

C. We don't allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption unless they will become extinct sooner.

D. They will become extinct sooner if we don't allow the local people to hunt endangered species for our consumption.

139. You stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people. You will support local community.

A. You will support local community if you stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people.

B. You will support local community unless you stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people.

C. You stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people because you will support local community.

D. You stay in locally owned accommodation and buy products from local people only if you will support local community.

140. Living areas are damaged or destroyed. They might not be available to future generations.

A. Living areas are damaged or destroyed because they might not be available to future generations.

B. Living areas are damaged or destroyed, but they might be available to future destroyed.

C. Living areas might not be available to future generations if they are damaged or destroyed.

D. Living areas might not be available to future generations unless they are damaged or destroyed.

THE SECOND TERM TEST - KEY

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1. A. favourite B. family C. language D. activity

2. A. radio B. those C. process D. professor

3. A. wheat B. heat C. heavily D. lead

4. A. good B. flood C. foot D. food

5. A. affected B. worked C. suggested D. decided

6. A. been B. seen C. keen D. beer

7. A. farmer B. father C. fat D. far

8. A. mend B. send C. fence D. lean

9. A. build B. child C. wild D. mild

10. A. country B. fun C. summer D. truth

II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. flexibility B. gravitation C. traditional D. inactivity

2. A. wonder B. kangaroo C. periodical D. population

3. A. dictionary B. umbrella C. computer D. community

4. A. addition B. remember C. different D. supposing

5. A. appointment B. strawberry C. powerful D. cucumber

6. A. report B. orbit C. promise D. schedule

7. A. foundation B. recognize C. potential D. excursion

8. A. measure B. insect C. mention D. attract

9. A. biologist B. counterpart C. compliment D. kindergarten

10. A. applicant B. maximum C. category D. inflation

III. Choose the best one (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentence or replace the underlined word.

1. Chen ____ us that air pollution ____ a serious problem in Beijing.

A. say - is B. told - was C. told - be D . said - was

2. In Korea, many people still feel that women should be in charge of ____ after getting married.

A. house husband B. householder C. housekeeping D. homemaker

3. Lack of an education severely restricts a woman's access ____ information and opportunities.

A. about B. from C. to D. with

4. It is believed in Brazil that placing a small cup or dish of salt in the corner of your house will ____ you good luck.

A. carry B. bring C. take D. result

5. If pollution ____ on, the earth ____ a dangerous place to live on.

A. would go - would become B. would go - became

C. go - will become D. goes - will become

6. The principle of equal pay is that men and women doing ____ work should get paid the same amount.

A. similar B. same C. alike D. identical

7. My father is busy at the moment. If he ____ busy now, he ____ us to Cat Ba National Park at the weekend.

A. were - would take B. were not - would take

C. were - wouldn't take D. is not - won't take

8. In Yemen, women have less ____ to property ownership, credit, training and employment.

A. use B. access C. possibility D. way

9. Due to the gender pay gap, women ____ less than men in every country, from as little as 6% in Belgium to as high as 37% in South Korea.

A. work B. earn C. save D. make

10. Farmers have worked hard on their rice crops. If they ____ to work hard, they ____ good crops.

A. continued - would have B. continued - had

C. continue - will have D. continue - have

11. Women are more likely to be victims of ____ violence.

A. home B. family C. domestic D. household

12. It is believed that in India, when there is death in the family, the family members don't attend any marriages and do not ____ any festivals for a year.

A. take part B. celebrate C. like D. perform

13. Without conservation, human beings ____ survive for a long time.

A. wouldn't B. will C. won't D. would

14. International Women's Day is an occasion to make more ____ towards achieving gender equality.

A. progress B. improvement C. movement D. development

15. For years, tablets have enriched our lives at work and at home, allowing us to stay ____ and access information with ease.

A. connecting B. connected C. connect D. connection

16. Viet Nam has abundant mineral water sources, ____ throughout the country.

A. be found B. finding C. find D. found

17. Some private companies in China try to avoid employing women of child bearing ____ and sometimes sack them once they are going to have a baby.

A. years B. time C. old D. age

18. The ____ mangrove forest is home to a variety of wildlife.

A. flooded B. flood C. flooding D. floods

19. Saudi Arabia is the last country to allow women to vote, and this is a first step in the long ____ of the gender equality.

A. struggle B. way C. distance D. direction

20. In addition, Hawaii is home to some magnificent botanical gardens, opportunities for animal ____ education, and cultural engagement.

A. conservationist B. conserve C. conservation D. conservational

21. Computer games ____ encourage players to move up levels and earn high scores may help develop mathematical skills.

A. they B. those C. which D. whose

22. All forms of discrimination against all women and girls ____ immediately everywhere.

A. must be allowed B. must be followed C. must be taken away D. must be ended

23. A major issue for teachers ____ allow students to use their own devices is how to provide online access to such devices.

A. who B. those C. they D. ones

24. A common reason that someone ____ more for similar work is because of his or her experience or “length of service”.

A. can be paid B. must be paid C. may be paid D. should not be paid

25. The examination papers ____ by machine. The students ____ of their results next week.

A. should be scored - are told B. will score - will be said

C. can be scored - can be told D. are scored - will be informed

26. In New York State, you can sleep green by staying at one of the hotels, committing to ____ practices.

A. environmentally friendly B. friendly environmentally

C. environment friendly D. environmental friendly

27. When is that letter ____?

A. be sent B. to sent C. going to be sent D. going to send

28. True gender equality ____ when both men and women reach a balance between work and family.

A. can be achieved B. should achieve C. can achieve D. should be achieved

29. Which of the following is ____ title for the passage?

A. better B. best C. the best D. good

30. Enrich your time in Hawaii by learning about the ____ of its islands.

A. floral and animals B. sea and sun C. flora and fauna D. lawns and grass

31. At the end of the 19^th century, Binet developed a test for measuring intelligence ____ served as the basic modern IQ tests.

A. and B. which has C. has D. it has

32. Women with high qualifications ____ to managers.

A. most move B. most be moved C. must promote D. must be promoted

33. The girl and flowers ____ he painted were very lively.

A. that B. whose C. who D. which

34. Reducing gender ____ improves productivity and economic growth of a nation.

A. possibility B. rights C. equality D. inequality

35. The speed of light is ____ the speed of sound.

A. the fastest B. as fast C. faster D. much faster than

IV. Complete the following sentences with "a", "an" or "the".

1. I don't feel very well this morning. I've got _____a_____ sore throat.

2. What ______a________ beautiful garden!

3. Mary and I arrived at ______the______ same time.

4. The tomatoes are 99 pence ________a_________ kilo.

5. Is your mother working in _______an________ old office building?

6. I like ____the____ blue T-shirt over there better than _____the_____ red one.

7. Their car does 150 miles ______an______ hour.

8. Where's ________the_________ USB drive I lent you last week?

9. When I was __________a______ child, I used to be very shy.

10. Would you like to be _________an________ actor?

V. Complete the following sentences with "must", "mustn't" or "needn't".

1. It is a valuable book and you ______ mustn't _______ lose it.

2. Come on. We ________ must ___________ hurry. We seem to be late.

3. I think I _________ must ___________ go shopping. We've run out of food.

4. You ______ needn't _______ take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.

5. Well, it ____ needn't ______ be big - that's not important. But it _____ must _____ have a nice garden - that's essential.

VI. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct forms.

1. I (be) _____would be______ grateful if you'd send me the brochure.

2. If I (be) ____were_____ you, I (go) ______would go_______ to Ha Long Bay.

3. We will reduce air pollution if we (use) ______use_____ public transport.

4. If tourists (not throw) __didn’t throw/did not throw___ rubbish in the river, the water would be cleaner.

5. We (go) _____will go_______ camping this Sunday if the weather is fine.

6. Many people would be out of work if that factory (close down) ______closed down______.

7. If there (be) ____is______ too much noise in my office, I won't be able to do any work.

8. People will suffer from noise pollution if they (build) _____build_____ an airport in this area.

9. What you (do) ___will you do______ if you go to Cuc Phuong National Park?

10. Sorry, I can't call her. If I (know) _____knew_______ her number, I (phone) ___would phone___ her.

VII. Choose the correct words in the following sentences.

1. To play audio tapes and CDs, you just need a cassette or CD player / recorder.

2. A tablet/ desktop is a mobile computer that is also useful for language learning.

3. Using an electric / electronic device such as a laptop, you can learn English effectively.

4. Language translation touch screen / software allows you to translate from one language into another.

5. Watching and listening to English radio / television shows is an excellent way to learn English.

VIII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.

avoid	rules	difficult	should	including
requires	death	situation	issue	wrapping

Giving a birthday present to a Vietnamese (1) ___requires____ that you pay attention to a few cultural (2) _____rules______ of etiquette. You should pay attention to the recipient's tastes and hobbies. Flowers, souvenirs, or an item that your friend like best is suitable for the (3) ___situation____.

Moreover, a birthday gift (4) ____should____ be covered in colorful papers. It is important that you should take care of (5) ____wrapping_____ your present. It is best to (6) ____avoid____ black which is the signal of (7) _____death_____ in Asian countries, (8) ___including___ Viet Nam. It is best to wrap your present in bright, cheery colours, like red or pink.

In short, choosing a birthday present in Viet Nam is as (9) ____difficult____ as choosing one in other countries. In general, money is not an (10) ___issue___: Vietnamese people honour the phrase - Plenty of money does not count, the heart does.

IX. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

A Franklin electronic dictionary is actually a helpful gadget to possess with you all of the time. Any device involving dictionaries is great to use for people who go on out of their country on business trips. Tourists would also benefit very much from such a device.

Moreover, students will also find this gadget helpful especially whenever they are studying an important foreign language in another country. There is also a great diversity of dictionaries that anybody can choose whichever works to them best.

These dictionaries are also quite easy to use and incorporate various functions. Some of them are main functions, besides translating a foreign word, which would be to provide spelling check-ups, find the meaning and synonyms connected with any particular word as well as provide examples of how a word is used in a sentence. A typical Franklin electronic dictionary is more than that. By entering the meaning of a word of mouth, you would have the ability to pull up many words that you are researching for.

These is a comprehensive database that comprises about 1,000,000 words and phrase replacements. It also comes with idiomatic expressions, professional medical, technical words or ones very popular for business. It is also ideal for professionals who have to work in a country accompanied by a different language.

Franklin Electronic Marketers have been among the leading manufactures regarding handheld electronic inventions. Its main office is situated in Burlington, New Jersey and has been around the business of creating these electronic tools since 1981.

Some of the original devices that they produced included punctuation correctors, of the fact that first was all the Spelling Ace built in 1986. These devices were a great aid to students all over the globe.

The company continues to service clients from everywhere. Although they are popular in the world, especially targeting the particular Hispanic market whose native language is Spanish; Franklin's products are also quite well-known for Asia, particularly Japan. The company aims to address this growing importance of language tools as more people are aiming to learn about new languages.

1. The word “professionals” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.

A. people who often use modern electronic dictionaries

B. people with a high level of education and training

C. people who are very good at languages

D. people who work in foreign countries

2. The electronic dictionary has various functions because it can ____.

A. expand a wide range to suit various people's preferences

B. enter the meaning of a word of mouth and get so many words related

C. translate foreign words, check spelling, give meanings and synonyms, and the use of them

D. explain how a word is employed in a sentence and correct punctuation in sentences

3. The database of the dictionary includes all the following EXCEPT ____.

A. professional medical, technical words

B. technical terms in various fields and internet lingo

C. idiomatic expressions or ones very popular for business

D. about 1,000,000 words and word and phrase replacements

4. With the diversity of dictionaries, we can choose ____.

A. the one that is portable B. the one that suits us best

C. the one that is handy and cheap D. the one that has the largest vocabulary

5. The Franklin electronic dictionary are very popular all over the world, especially in ____.

A. Burlington, New Jersey C. Europe and Asia

B. Japan D. South America and Asia

X. Read the passage below and decide which answer A, B, C or D fits each numbered gap.

Birds differ in their behavior just as much as their physical traits. They even use very different methods to build their nests. Some bird nests have the art of architecture beyond our imagination. Birds (1) ____ their nests in many different places and environments. Some live on high branches, some live in bushes and some of them even nest on the ground. Birds use their nests mainly to (2) ____ their eggs and raise their (3) ____.

Because of the destruction of trees, plants, bushes, etc., these birds are losing their habitats and breeding grounds. There is a great lack of (4) ____ breeding areas for birds. Proper breeding areas for birds are decreasing at an alarming rate. Nowadays, it is hard for birds to find even the space to build nests.

Some birds build nests on naturally formed tree hollows on ancient trees. But (5) ____, there are very less old trees left in our country except rural areas. Ducks are going towards extinction because they build their nest on old trees using the (6) ____, and we have almost no such trees. We know that birds play an (7) ____ and irreplaceable role in nature.

We should not destroy or harm any bird's (8) ____ . We can teach our children to observe birds and nests and how they take care of eggs. If we can encourage our children like this, it will be a great start to their education.

We need to let people know how to keep enough open space around their homes (9) ____ birds will feel safe. This is not (10) ____ for the birds; it will help us too. We will gain more in the long run if we preserve the forests for our leisure and for animals and birds.

1. A. make B. build C. sleep D. create

2. A. lay B. eat C. hatch D. boil

3. A. product B. conclusion C. result D. offspring

4. A. optimal B. quite C. hard D. difficult

5. A. luckily B. specially C. suddenly D. unfortunately

6. A. birds B. hollows C. eggs D. nest

7. A. Like B. Unlike C. Alike D. invaluable

8. A. nest B. flat C. home D. house

9. A. which B. who C. where D. when

10. A. just B. never C. hardly D. only

XI. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

A pioneer leader for women's rights, Susan Anthony became one of the leading women reformers of the 19^th century. In Rochester, New York, she began her first public crusade on behalf of temperance, the habit of not drinking alcohol. The temperance movement dealt with the abuses of women and children who suffered from alcoholic husbands. Also, she worked tirelessly against slavery and for women's rights. Anthony helped write the history of woman suffrage.

At the time Anthony lived, women did not have the right to vote. Because she voted in the 1872 election, a US official arrested Anthony. She hoped to prove that women had the legal right to vote under the provisions of the 14^th and 15^th Amendments to the Constitution. At her trial, a hostile federal judge found her guilty and fined her $100, which she refused to pay.

Anthony did not work alone. She worked with reformers of women's rights such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Amelia Bloomer. Susan worked for the American Anti-Slavery Society with Frederick Douglas, a fugitive slave and black abolitionist.

On July 2^nd 1979, the US Mint honored her by issuing the Susan Anthony dollar coin. Although Anthony did not live to see the fruits of her efforts, the establishment of the 19^th Amendment is indebted to her efforts, according to US historians.

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Slavery was one of Susan Anthony's causes.

B. Susan Anthony did not accept the use of alcohol.

C. Reformers do not always see the results of their efforts.

D. Susan Anthony never gave up her struggle for all people's freedom.

2. In which of the following ways did the US Mint honor her life's work?

A. Susan Anthony dolls were created.

B. The Susan Anthony stamp was issued.

C. The Susan Anthony dollar coin was issued.

D. The Susan Anthony Memorial Park was built in Rochester.

3. The underlined word “crusade” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.

A. an attempt to fight evil

B. a battle against authority

C. a campaign to work tirelessly for one's beliefs

D. a war against the enemies in the Middle Ages

4. Anthony advocated all of the following EXCEPT ____.

A. slavery should be abolished

B. women are citizens and should have the right to vote

C. employers should provide childcare for female employees

D. alcohol should be prohibited because of the abuse it causes

5. What would historians say about Susan Anthony's greatest achievement?

A. She was an activist and raised a family at the same time.

B. She worked with abolitionists to get the country rid of slavery.

C. Women had the legal right to vote led to the provisions of the 14^th and 15^th Amendments to the Constitution.

D. Her tireless efforts to guarantee women the right to vote led to the establishment of the 19^th Amendment to the Constitution.